Leucanthemum
| Leucanthemum | |
|---|---|
| |
| Leucanthemum vulgare | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Asterales |
| Family: | Asteraceae |
| Subfamily: | Asteroideae |
| Tribe: | Anthemideae |
| Genus: | Leucanthemum Mill., 1754 |
| Type species | |
| Leucanthemum vulgare Lam.
| |
| Species | |
|
See text | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
|
Phalacrodiscus Less. | |
Leucanthemum is a genus of flowering plants in the aster family, Asteraceae. It is mainly distributed in southern and central Europe.[2] Some species are known on other continents as introduced species, and some are cultivated as ornamental plants. The name Leucanthemum derives from the Greek words λευκός – leukos ("white") and ἄνθεμον – anthemon ("flower"). Common names for Leucanthemum species usually include the name daisy (e.g. ox-eye daisy, Shasta daisy), but "daisy" can also refer to numerous other genera in the Asteraceae family.
Description
[edit]Leucanthemum species are perennial plants growing from red-tipped rhizomes. The plant produces one erect stem usually reaching 40 to 130 centimeters tall, but known to exceed 2 meters at times. It is branching or unbranched and hairy to hairless. Some species have mainly basal leaves, and some have leaves along the stem, as well. Some leaves are borne on petioles, and others are sessile, attached to the stem at their bases. They vary in shape, and some are lobed or toothed.
The flower head is solitary, paired, or in a group of three on the stem. The base of the head is layered with up to 60 or more rough-edged phyllaries. The Leucanthemum head has about 13 to 34 ray florets of various widths, occasionally more, and rarely none. The ray florets are always white but fade pink with age. The head has over 100 yellow disc florets at the center. The fruit is a ribbed, hairless cypsela.[3]
Ecology
[edit]Leucanthemum species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species, including the bucculatricid leaf-miners Bucculatrix argentisignella, B. leucanthemella, and B. nigricomella, which feed exclusively on Leucanthemum vulgare.
Species
[edit]- Leucanthemum adustum Gremli
- Leucanthemum ageratifolium Pau
- Leucanthemum aligulatum Vogt
- Leucanthemum × aramisii Flor.Wagner, Vogt & Oberpr.
- Leucanthemum × athosii Flor.Wagner, Vogt & Oberpr.
- Leucanthemum atratum (Jacq.) DC.
- Leucanthemum burnatii Briq. & Cavill.
- Leucanthemum cacuminis Vogt, Konowalik & Oberpr.
- Leucanthemum cantabricum Sennen
- Leucanthemum catalaunicum Vogt
- Leucanthemum chloroticum Kern. & Murb.
- Leucanthemum coronopifolium Vill.
- Leucanthemum corsicum (Sieber ex Less.) DC.
- Leucanthemum × corunnense Lago
- Leucanthemum crassifolium (Lange) Lange
- Leucanthemum cuneifolium Legrand ex H.J.Coste
- Leucanthemum delarbrei Timb.-Lagr.
- Leucanthemum eliasii (Sennen & Pau) Vogt, Konowalik & Oberpr.
- Leucanthemum esterellense (Briq. & Cavill.) Vogt, Konowalik & Oberpr.
- Leucanthemum favargeri Vogt
- Leucanthemum gallaecicum Rodr.Oubiña & S.Ortiz
- Leucanthemum gaudinii Dalla Torre
- Leucanthemum glaucophyllum (Briq. & Cavill.) Jahand.
- Leucanthemum gracilicaule (Dufour) Pau
- Leucanthemum graminifolium (L.) Lam.
- Leucanthemum halleri Ducommun
- Leucanthemum heterophyllum (Willd.) DC.
- Leucanthemum illyricum (Horvatić) Vogt & Greuter
- Leucanthemum ircutianum DC.
- Leucanthemum laciniatum Huter, Porta & Rigo
- Leucanthemum lacustre (Brot.) Samp.
- Leucanthemum legraeanum (Rouy) B.Bock & J.-M.Tison
- Leucanthemum ligusticum Marchetti, R.Bernardello, Melai & Peruzzi
- Leucanthemum lithopolitanicum (E.Mayer) Polatschek
- Leucanthemum maestracense Vogt & F.H.Hellw.
- Leucanthemum maximum (Ramond) DC.[6] – max chrysanthemum
- Leucanthemum meridionale Legrand
- Leucanthemum minimum Vill.
- Leucanthemum monspeliense (L.) H.J.Coste
- Leucanthemum montserratianum Vogt
- Leucanthemum pallens DC.
- Leucanthemum platylepis Borbás
- Leucanthemum rohlenae Vogt & Greuter
- Leucanthemum rotundifolium DC.
- Leucanthemum sibiricum DC.
- Leucanthemum subglaucum De Laramb.
- Leucanthemum × superbum (Bergmans ex J.W.Ingram) D.H.Kent – Shasta daisy
- Leucanthemum sylvaticum (Brot.) Nyman
- Leucanthemum tridactylites (A.Kern. & Huter) Huter & al.
- Leucanthemum virgatum (Desr.) Clos
- Leucanthemum visianii (Gjurašin) Vogt & Greuter
- Leucanthemum vulgare (Vaill.) Lam. – ox-eye daisy
Formerly placed here
[edit]- Mauranthemum paludosum (Poir.) Vogt & Oberpr. (as Leucanthemum paludosum (Poir.) Bonnet & Barratte)
Hybrid
[edit]- Leucanthemum × superbum ( = L. lacustre × L. maximum) – Shasta daisy
Gallery
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Leucanthemum maximum 'Crazy Daisy' -
References
[edit]- ^ "Leucanthemum Mill". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 24 March 2023.
- ^ Greiner, Roland; Vogt, Robert; Oberprieler, Christoph (2012). "Phylogenetic studies in the polyploid complex of the genus Leucanthemum Mill. (Compositae, Anthemideae) based on cpDNA sequence variation". Plant Systematics and Evolution. 298 (7): 1407–1414. Bibcode:2012PSyEv.298.1407G. doi:10.1007/s00606-012-0636-2.
- ^ Leucanthemum. Flora of North America.
- ^ "The Plant List: A Working List of All Plant Species". Retrieved July 30, 2014.
- ^ "Leucanthemum Mill". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 11 February 2025.
- ^ "Leucanthemum maximum". Germplasm Resources Information Network. Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture. Retrieved 30 July 2014.
External links
[edit]
Data related to Leucanthemum at Wikispecies
Media related to Leucanthemum at Wikimedia Commons- GRIN Species Records of Leucanthemum
